Name: Myōshin-ji Temple
Address: 1 Hanazonomyōshinjichō, Ukyo Ward, Kyoto, 616-8035, Japan
Telephone: 075-461-5226
Rating: 4.4

Zen Buddhist complex with 46 sub-temples, featuring Zazen meditation sessions & manicured grounds.

Universal Studios Japan

Provided by Google

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Myōshin-ji Temple

Myōshin-ji, a sprawling Zen temple complex in Kyoto, distinguishes itself not only by its size but also by its unique sub-temple system. Unlike many other major temples, Myōshin-ji functions as a head temple overseeing a network of over forty sub-temples, each with its own distinct history and character. This decentralized structure allows for a remarkable diversity of Zen practice and artistic expression within the complex. One intriguing aspect is the presence of the "dragon painting" in the Hatto (Dharma Hall), a masterpiece attributed to Kano Tanyu. What sets this dragon apart is its depiction from any vantage point within the hall; it appears to be staring directly at the viewer, a testament to Tanyu's mastery of perspective. Furthermore, Myōshin-ji is known for its association with the Imperial family, with several sub-temples founded by or dedicated to members of the aristocracy. This connection is reflected in the refined aesthetics and serene atmosphere that permeates the entire complex, offering a glimpse into the intersection of Zen Buddhism and Japanese court culture.

Introduction

Myōshin-ji Temple, a sprawling Zen complex in Kyoto, distinguishes itself through its diverse collection of sub-temples, each showcasing unique interpretations of Zen garden design principles. Unlike other singular, iconic gardens, Myōshin-ji offers a survey of evolving aesthetics within Zen Buddhism. Taizo-in's "Motokanon Hill Garden," attributed to Kano Motonobu, presents a Muromachi period dry landscape garden, utilizing carefully placed stones to evoke a sense of vastness and spiritual contemplation. Keishun-in Temple features a contemporary Zen garden created in 1965 by Ueshima Jihei, blending traditional elements with modern design sensibilities, demonstrating the enduring relevance of Zen principles.

The gardens within Myōshin-ji are not merely decorative; they serve as integral components of Zen practice. Daiyu-in Temple's garden, though less widely known, exemplifies the use of negative space to encourage introspection and mindful awareness. The strategic arrangement of rocks and moss invites viewers to engage in personal reflection, aligning with the core tenets of Zen Buddhism. Furthermore, the varying styles across the sub-temples provide a practical study for those interested in the historical development and adaptation of Zen garden design. Myōshin-ji's collection serves as a living museum, illustrating the multifaceted expressions of Zen philosophy through landscape architecture. Each garden offers a distinct environment for contemplation, solidifying Myōshin-ji's significance as a center for Zen practice and a valuable resource for understanding Zen garden design.

Zen Garden Design

Myōshin-ji Temple's Hattō, or Dharma Hall, houses a celebrated ceiling dragon, a masterpiece that embodies the temple's Zen Buddhist principles. Painted in 1863 by Kano Tanyu's grandson, Kano Eitoku, the dragon, known as "Unryuzu," is not physically attached to the ceiling; rather, it is painted on paper and then affixed, creating an illusion of depth and movement. This technique, combined with the dragon's piercing gaze, gives the impression that it observes visitors from every angle. The Unryuzu is particularly significant because it was painted during the turbulent end of the Edo period.

The dragon itself symbolizes enlightenment and the power of Zen teachings, reflecting Myōshin-ji's role as a prominent Rinzai Zen temple. Its creation was commissioned to inspire and protect the temple during a time of social and political upheaval. The dragon's eight-meter diameter and dynamic pose are intended to overwhelm the viewer, prompting a sense of awe and contemplation.

Interestingly, the Hattō is open to the public only on specific days, making the Unryuzu a relatively exclusive artwork. The acoustics of the Hattō are also noteworthy; a hand clap directly under the dragon's head produces a distinct ringing sound, often referred to as the "dragon's cry," further enhancing the mystical experience. This acoustic phenomenon is not accidental but was deliberately engineered into the building's design, adding another layer of significance to the dragon's presence within Myōshin-ji.

Myōshin-ji Temple

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