Name: Monument Valley
Address: Arizona
Telephone: (435) 727-5870
Rating: 4.7

This famous natural area on the Navajo Nation Reservation features towering red sandstone buttes.

Monument Valley is not a national park, but a Navajo Tribal Park, meaning it's managed by the Navajo Nation.

Tribal Park

Monument Valley is synonymous with classic Western films, largely due to director John Ford, who filmed many of his iconic movies there.

Western Film Location

The towering buttes and mesas of Monument Valley are primarily composed of sandstone, sculpted by millions of years of erosion.

Formation Material

Some of the most recognizable formations include the Merrick Butte, the Mitchell Butte, and the Totem Pole.

Famous Buttes

The iconic view of Monument Valley is often captured from US Highway 163, offering a breathtaking panorama.

Highway 163

Monument Valley experiences a desert climate, with hot summers and cold winters, and significant temperature fluctuations between day and night.

Desert Climate

Tourism is a major economic driver for the Navajo Nation in the Monument Valley area, with guided tours and cultural experiences offered.

Economic Driver

Monument Valley

Monument Valley, straddling the Arizona-Utah border, presents an iconic landscape sculpted by millennia of erosion acting upon the Colorado Plateau. Its defining features are the towering sandstone buttes, remnants of ancient sedimentary layers, rising dramatically from the relatively flat desert floor. These formations, composed of De Chelly Sandstone, exhibit a distinctive reddish hue derived from iron oxide. The valley is not technically a valley in the traditional sense, but rather a wide, flat expanse punctuated by these isolated, monumental landforms.

Beyond its geological significance, Monument Valley holds deep cultural importance for the Navajo Nation, within whose tribal park it resides. The Navajo name for the valley, Tsé Biiʼ Ndzisgaii, translates to "valley of the rocks," reflecting their intimate connection to the land. Certain buttes are considered sacred sites, integral to Navajo traditions and ceremonies. Interestingly, the seemingly barren landscape supports a surprising diversity of desert flora and fauna, adapted to the arid conditions, including various cacti, reptiles, and birds of prey. The interplay of light and shadow across the buttes throughout the day creates a constantly evolving spectacle, captivating artists and photographers for generations.

Introduction

Monument Valley, a landscape synonymous with the American West, is fundamentally a Navajo homeland, known to the Diné as Tsé Biiʼ Ndzisgaii, meaning "valley of the rocks." This land is not merely a scenic backdrop but a living, breathing part of Navajo identity, history, and spirituality. The Navajo Nation's presence here predates any popularized image, with families having resided in this region for generations, their lives interwoven with the towering sandstone buttes and mesas. Today, the Navajo Nation Parks & Recreation manages Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, ensuring that tourism respects the land and its people. Revenue generated directly supports the Navajo community, funding infrastructure, education, and healthcare initiatives.

Navajo guides offer tours that delve beyond the surface, sharing traditional stories, medicinal uses of plants, and the cultural significance of specific formations. These tours provide an intimate understanding of the Diné perspective, highlighting the interconnectedness between the people and the land. Many Navajo families continue to live in the valley without running water or electricity, maintaining a traditional lifestyle. The iconic Mittens and Merrick Butte are not just geological wonders; they are integral parts of Navajo narratives and ceremonies. Protecting this sacred landscape is a priority for the Navajo Nation, balancing economic opportunities with the preservation of cultural heritage for future generations. The Navajo Nation's stewardship ensures that Monument Valley remains a testament to their enduring connection to this remarkable land.

Navajo Nation

Monument Valley's dramatic skyline is punctuated by its iconic buttes, remnants of a vast sandstone plateau sculpted over millennia by erosion. These towering formations, isolated hills with steep sides and flat tops, showcase the region's geological history. The buttes' resistant caprock, composed of harder sandstone, protects the softer layers beneath, resulting in their distinctive shape. Over time, the relentless forces of wind and water have carved away the surrounding landscape, leaving these majestic sentinels standing as testaments to the power of erosion.

Each butte possesses unique characteristics, varying in height, width, and the composition of their layered strata. The Merrick Butte, for instance, is composed of De Chelly Sandstone, while the famous Mittens, East and West Mitten Buttes, are formed from the harder, reddish-brown, Organ Rock Shale and Moenkopi Formation. These geological variations contribute to the diverse palette of colors and textures that define Monument Valley.

The buttes also play a crucial role in the local ecosystem, providing shelter for wildlife and influencing drainage patterns. Their presence affects wind currents, creating microclimates that support unique plant communities at their bases. Furthermore, the buttes hold deep cultural significance for the Navajo Nation, who consider them sacred landmarks and integral parts of their ancestral lands. The names given to these formations often reflect their shapes or their importance in Navajo mythology, adding another layer of depth to their already impressive presence. The buttes of Monument Valley are not merely geological features; they are living monuments that embody the history, culture, and natural beauty of the American Southwest.

Monument Valley

Did You Know?

Tribal Park

Western Film Location

Formation Material

Famous Buttes

Highlights from Reviews

Location